DEVELOPMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ISSUES ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN INDONESIA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) are essential components of the construction industry, considering the high potential for accidents due to complex and high-risk working conditions. This study aims to explore various issues, challenges, and strategies that can be implemented to strengthen OSH practices in construction projects in Indonesia. The research was conducted using a literature review method, analyzing ten scientific articles published over the past five years (2020– 2024). Findings indicate that the majority of workplace accidents are triggered by human factors, including negligence in the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), limited understanding of safety procedures, weak supervision, and a lack of awareness of occupational risks. Furthermore, insufficient commitment and leadership from contractors and project owners have exacerbated the poor implementation of OSH. Other obstacles include limited training, the predominance of manual supervision systems, and the perception that safety is not a primary concern compared to project costs and deadlines. To address these challenges, approaches such as Design for Safety ( DfS ), the development of a strong safety culture, and the adoption of digital technologies—such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), and Virtual Reality (VR)—are considered crucial. This study is expected to enrich the understanding of OSH implementation on construction sites and promote a more proactive and sustainable safety management system.