KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA DALAM KOLOM OPINI KOMPAS (KAJIAN PRAGMATIK)

Abstract

This study aims to describe language politeness in Kompas opinion. The approach in this research is
descriptive and qualitative. As a qualitative descriptive study, this study can describe the natural use
of language, in this case, the reality of language use, especially language politeness in the opinion of
the Kompas newspaper with a pragmatic design. The data source of this research is limited to the
opinion of the Kompas newspaper edition of November to December 2019. The form of this research
data is parts of the Kompas opinion text which is signaled to contain aspects of linguistic politeness.
The method of collecting data in research is based on listening (read). The techniques used in the
application of the technique refer to the note-taking technique. The data that has been obtained by the
researcher through the application of the listening method is then reduced, analyzed, and interpreted
using introspective methods, and formal presentation techniques.
Based on the methods and techniques, the data analysis procedure of this research
includes three stages, namely (1) data interpretation, (2) data classification, (3) data presentation,
and (4) data analysis results presentation. The results of this study are (1) the speech acts identified
are competitive speech acts: asking, demanding, and ordering; convivial speech acts of offering and
congratulating; collaborative speech acts: reporting, announcing, instructing, teaching and ordering;
and conclusive speech acts of threatening, accusing, nagging, and reprimanding. (2) The speech act
is then measured by a politeness scale, namely the profit and loss scale, choice, indirectness scale,
and social distance scale. (3) The principle of politeness in Kompas' opinion is tact maxim, generosity
maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim